The Maven mission, short for Mars Atmosphere and Volatile Evolution Mission, was a NASA space probe that was launched in November 2013 with the goal of studying the Martian atmosphere and how it has evolved over time. Maven was specifically focused on understanding how Mars lost much of its atmosphere and water over billions of years, which may have contributed to its current cold and dry conditions. The mission collected data on the composition, structure, and dynamics of the Martian atmosphere, including interactions with the Sun and solar wind. Maven provided valuable insights into the history and potential habitability of Mars.